At first glance the X399 chipset seems geared towards workstations. Many cores, many PCI-e lanes, many memory dimms, a lot of expandability, and ECC memory. But there are some rumors it could make a good compact solution.
4k pins offers a possibility that was not there before with an APU. Built in HBM2 memory. AMD would be capable of pairing a powerful GPU with a lot of fast memory in the CPU package. Of course the big factor will be how it displaces heat, but not needing a discrete GPU would mean it could take up a small footprint. For instance Apple could use such a design in Mac Pro.
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I thought AMD said that Socket AM4 was going to be around for a long time and that would be the one that offered integrated graphics. I don't see any reason why they couldn't offer an AM4 APU with a bigger integrated GPU that offers a stack of HBM2 on package in addition to the normal DDR4 memory off package. HBM2 doesn't need any pins coming off of the package, as the connection is via a silicon interposer that is entirely inside the same package as the GPU.
Now, I realize this is just the chipset, and not the CPU - but that socket is a huge honk'n socket build with bandwidth in mind - to be able to feed a lot of cores. Size and power density are almost afterthoughts in a package like that.
I do think SOC may eventually come to the desktop - it's close now, and there's been a few attempts at an x86 SOC (Atom comes to mind primarily).
An SoC is more common in a laptop where only being able to have 2 SATA ports, 4 USB ports, and one PCI Express slot isn't a big deal. If SoCs become common in desktops, it will probably be by using laptop parts. But I don't see a need for that, as there's room for a chipset even on a Mini ITX motherboard. Once you start pushing smaller than that like the Intel NUC, is that really a desktop anymore?
I always get confused - they always want smaller but still want high performance.
"Be water my friend" - Bruce Lee