In chapter 17, High tells Gangleri that the location of Himinbjörg "stands at the edge of heaven where Bifrost reaches heaven." While describing the god Heimdallr
in chapter 27, High says that Heimdallr lives in Himinbjörg by Bifröst,
and guards the bridge from mountain jotnar while sitting at the edge of
heaven. In chapter 34, High quotes the first of the two Grímnismál stanzas that mention the bridge. In chapter 51, High foretells the events of Ragnarök. High says that, during Ragnarök, the sky will split open, and from the split will ride forth the "sons of Muspell". When the "sons of Muspell" ride over Bifröst it will break, "as was said above."
In chapter 4 of the Prose Edda book Gylfaginning, the enthroned figure of Third tells Gangleri (described as King Gylfi in disguise) about the location of Múspell. Third says that the bright and flaming region of Múspell existed prior to Niflheim,
and it is impassable to those not native to the region. To defend
Múspell, Surtr is stationed at its frontier. Third adds that Surtr has a
flaming sword, and that "at the end of the world he will go and wage
war and defeat all the gods and burn the whole world with fire". The
stanza from Völuspá that foretells Surtr moving from the south is then quoted. In chapter 18, Gangleri asks what will protect the fair hall Gimlé "when Surtr's fire burns heaven and earth".
In chapter 51 of Gylfaginning, High describes the events
of Ragnarök. High says that "amid this turmoil the sky will open and
from it will ride the sons of Muspell. Surtr will ride in front, and
both before and behind him there will be burning fire. His sword will be
very fine. Light will shine from it more brightly than from the sun."
High continues that when the sons of Múspell ride over the bridge Bifröst it will break, and that they will continue to the field of Vígríðr. The wolf Fenrir and the Midgard Serpent will also arrive there. By then, Loki will have arrived with "all of Hel's people", Hrym,
and all of the frost jötnar; "but Muspell's sons will have their own
battle array; it will be very bright". Further into the chapter, High
describes that a fierce battle will erupt between these forces and the
Æsir, and that during this, Surtr and Freyr will engage in battle "and
there will be a harsh conflict before Freyr falls". High adds that the
cause of Freyr's death will be that Freyr is lacking "the good sword"
that he once gave his servant Skírnir.
As foretold by High further into chapter 51 Gylfaginning, Once Heimdallr and Loki
fight (and mutually kill one another), Surtr "will fling fire over the
earth burn the whole world". High quotes ten stanzas from Völuspá
in support, and then proceeds to describe the rebirth and new fertility
of the reborn world, and the survivors of Ragnarök, including various
gods and the two humans named Líf and Lífthrasir that will have hid from "Surtr's fire" in the wood Hoddmímis holt
Æsir is the plural of áss, óss "god" (genitive caseāsir), which is attested in other Germanic languages, e.g., Old Englishōs (gen. pl. ēsa), Old Dutchans and Gothic (as reported by Jordanes, who wrote in the 6th century CE) anses "half-gods". These all stem from Proto-Germanic *ansuz, which itself comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énsus (gen. h₂n̥sóus) "life force" (cf. Avestanaŋhū "lord; lifetime", ahura "godhood", Sanskritásu "life force",[4]ásura "demons" ( *h₂n̥suró). It is widely accepted that this word is further related to *h₂ens- "to engender" (cf. Hittitehass- "to procreate, give birth", Tocharian Bās- "to produce").[5]
Old Norse áss has the genitive áss or ásar, the accusative æsi and ásu. In genitival compounds, it takes the form ása-, e.g. in Ása-Þórr ("Thor of the Æsir"), besides ás- found in ás-brú "gods' bridge" (the rainbow), ás-garðr, ás-kunnigr "gods' kin", ás-liðar "gods' leader", ás-mogin "gods' might" (especially of Thor), ás-móðr "divine wrath" etc. Landâs "national god" (patrium numen) is a title of Thor, as is allmáttki ás "almighty god", while it is Odin who is "the" ás.
The feminine suffix -ynja is known from a few other nouns denoting female animals, such as apynja "female monkey", vargynja "she-wolf". The word for "goddess" is not attested outside Old Norse.
In Norse mythology, a jötunn or, in the normalised scholarly spelling of Old Norse, jǫtunn (/ˈjɔːtʊn/; plural jötnar/jǫtnar) is a type of entity contrasted with gods and other figures, such as dwarfs and elves. The entities are themselves ambiguously defined, variously referred to by several other terms, including risi, thurs, and troll.
Although the term giant is sometimes used to gloss the word jötunn
and its apparent synonyms in some translations and academic texts,
jötnar are not necessarily notably large and may be described as
exceedingly beautiful or as alarmingly grotesque. Some deities, such as Skaði and Gerðr, are themselves described as jötnar, and various well-attested deities, such as Odin, are descendants of the jötnar.
Norse myth traces the origin of the jötnar to the proto-being Ymir,
a result of growth or asexual reproduction from the entity's body. Ymir
is later killed, his body dismembered to create the world, and the
jötnar survive this event by way of sailing through a flood of Ymir's
blood. The jötnar dwell in Jötunheimr. In later Scandinavian folklore, the ambiguity surrounding the entities gives way to negative portrayals.
Old Norse jötunn (also jǫtunn, see Old Norse orthography) and Old English eoten developed from the Proto-Germanic masculine noun *etunaz. PhilologistVladimir Orel says that semantic connections between *etunaz with Proto-Germanic *etanan makes a relation between the two nouns likely. Proto-Germanic *etanan is reconstructed from Old Norse etall 'consuming', Old English etol 'voracious, gluttonous', and Old High German filu-ezzal 'greedy'. Old Norse risi and Old High German riso derive from the Proto-Germanic masculine noun *wrisjon. Orel observes that the Old Saxon adjective wrisi-līke 'enormous' is likely also connected.
Old Norse þurs, Old English ðyrs, and Old High German duris 'devil, evil spirit' derive from the Proto-Germanic masculine noun *þur(i)saz, itself derived form Proto-Germanic *þurēnan, which is etymologically connected to Sanskritturá- 'strong, powerful, rich'. For discussion regarding Old Norse troll and its development, see troll. Several terms are used specifically to refer to female entities that fall into this category, including íviðja (plural íviðjur) and gýgr (plural gýgjar).
Odin is mentioned several times in the sagas that make up Heimskringla. In the Ynglinga saga, the first section of Heimskringla, an euhemerised
account of the origin of the gods is provided. Odin is introduced in
chapter two, where he is said to have lived in "the land or home of the Æsir" (Old Norse: Ásaland eða Ásaheimr), the capital of which being Ásgarðr. Ásgarðr
was ruled by Odin, a great chieftain, and was "a great place for
sacrifices". It was the custom there that twelve temple priests were
ranked highest; they administered sacrifices and held judgements over
men. "Called diar or
chiefs", the people were obliged to serve under them and respect them.
Odin was a very successful warrior and travelled widely, conquering many
lands. Odin was so successful that he never lost a battle. As a result,
according to the saga, men came to believe that "it was granted to him"
to win all battles. Before Odin sent his men to war or to perform tasks
for him, he would place his hands upon their heads and give them a bjannak ('blessing', ultimately from Latin benedictio)
and the men would believe that they would also prevail. The men placed
all of their faith in Odin, and wherever they called his name they would
receive assistance from doing so. Odin was often gone for great spans
of time.
Chapter 3 says that Odin had two brothers, Vé and Vili. While Odin was gone, his brothers governed his realm. Once, Odin was gone for so long that the Æsir believed that Odin would not return. His brothers began to divvy up Odin's inheritance, "but his wife Frigg they shared between them. However, afterwards, [Odin] returned and took possession of his wife again". Chapter 4 describes the Æsir–Vanir War. According to the chapter, Odin "made war on the Vanir". The Vanir
defended their land and the battle turned to a stalemate, both sides
having devastated one another's lands. As part of a peace agreement, the
two sides exchanged hostages. One of the exchanges went awry and
resulted in the Vanir decapitating one of the hostages sent to them by the Æsir, Mímir. The Vanir sent Mímir's head to the Æsir, whereupon Odin "took it and embalmed it with herbs so that it would not rot, and spoke charms [Old Norse galdr] over it", which imbued the head with the ability to answer Odin and "tell him many occult things".
In Norse mythology, Valhalla (/vælˈhælə, vɑːlˈhɑːlə/; from Old NorseValhöll "hall of the slain") is a majestic, enormous hall located in Asgard, ruled over by the god Odin. Chosen by Odin, half of those who die in combat travel to Valhalla upon death, led by valkyries, while the other half go to the goddess Freyja's field Fólkvangr. In Valhalla, the dead warriors join the masses of those who have died in combat (known as the Einherjar) and various legendary Germanic heroes and kings, as they prepare to aid Odin during the events of Ragnarök. Before the hall stands the golden tree Glasir, and the hall's ceiling is thatched with golden shields. Various creatures live around Valhalla, such as the stag Eikþyrnir and the goat Heiðrún, both described as standing atop Valhalla and consuming the foliage of the tree Læraðr.
Valhalla is attested in the Poetic Edda, compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources, in the Prose Edda (written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson), in Heimskringla
(also written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson) and in stanzas
of an anonymous 10th century poem commemorating the death of Eric Bloodaxe known as Eiríksmál as compiled in Fagrskinna. Valhalla has inspired various works of art, publication titles, and elements of popular culture, and has become a term synonymous with a martial (or otherwise) hall of the chosen dead.
The Modern English noun Valhalla derives from Old Norse Valhöll, a compound noun composed of two elements: the masculine noun valr 'the slain' and the feminine noun höll 'hall'. Valr has cognates in other Germanic languages such as Old English wæl 'the slain, slaughter, carnage', Old Saxonwal-dād 'murder', Old High German 'battlefield, blood bath'. All of these forms descend from the Proto-Germanic masculine noun *walaz. Among related Old Norse concepts, valr also appears as the first element of the nouns valkyrja 'chooser of the slain, valkyrie' and Valfreyja, one of the goddess Freyja's several names.[3]
The second element, höll, is a common Old Norse noun. It is cognate to Modern English hall and has the same meaning. Both developed from Proto-Germanic *xallō or *hallō, meaning 'covered place, hall', itself from the Proto-Indo-European root *kol-. As philologists such as Calvert Watkins have noted, the same Indo-European root produced Old Norse hel, a proper noun employed for both the name of another afterlife location and a supernatural female entity who oversees it, as well as the modern English noun hell.[3] In Swedish folklore, some mountains that were traditionally regarded as abodes of the dead were also called Valhall; it is therefore possible that the höll element derives from hallr, "rock", and originally referred to an underworld, not a hall.
Aliases: Godan, Woden, Wuotan
Location: Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Iceland, England
Cities: Skiringsal, Lejre, Gamla Uppsala
Estimated Date: 500s A.D. - 1200s A.D.
His name is based on the central characteristic of Dionysus worship
The name Odin is related to the word Odr, meaning “frenzied”
or “divine madness”, with connotations of both inspiration, song and
insanity, bringing to mind the primary qualities of Dionysus. The word
Odin, from which the name Wednesday comes from, is derived from the
Proto-Indo-European word, *waet, meaning to “fan” flames (of inspiration), the same root as the Latin word vaetes, meaning “seer” or “singer”, and the Celtic faith(not related to the English word faith), meaning “inspire” or “poet”.
His lover is associated with Venus
His consort is believed to originally have been Frijjo, from who is
typically identified with both the love goddesses Freyja and Frigg, the
latter of whom was connected to Venus by the first century A.D., giving her name to Friday, which had been known as the “day of Venus” throughout many cultures. Plants named after Freyja were eventually renamed after the Virgin Mary.
He is hung on the Tree of Life as a sacrifice to himself, stuck with a spear and refused drink, just like Jesus
Odin’s Rune Song, dated between the 800s and 1200s, tells of
how Odin hung himself on the great World Tree, Yggdrasil (“Odin’s
Horse”), as a sacrifice to himself, pierced by a spear or lance just as
in John 19:34, and is refused drink similar to how Jesus refuses drink
in Mark 15:23.
I know that I hung, on a wind-rocked tree, nine whole nights, with a spear wounded, and to Odin offered, myself to myself; on that tree, of which no one knows from what root it springs.
Bread no one gave me, nor a horn of drink, downward I peered, to runes applied myself, wailing learnt them, then fell down thence.
The Eight Kings are eight beasts, each from a different 'King'
species of animal, individually regarded as the most powerful beings in
the world. They serve as the absolute rulers of the eight major
continents of Gourmet World,
and have since ancient times. The Eight Kings have tremendous power and
even the world's strongest individuals cannot act carelessly when in
their presence.
Usually a single species of overwhelmingly powerful beast at the
top of the food chain (sometimes called a 'King' species) provides the
individual Kings of each continent, such as the Herac of Area 8 or the Ballboons of Area 7.
Their local power thus secured, the Eight Kings and their proxies
battle each other in a constant, warlord-like rivalry across Gourmet
World.
Nevertheless, the Kings help to preserve the balance of the
complex ecosystems they rule, making them essential to the balance of
life. Further, each serves as ultimate guardian to one of the world's
own Full Course Ingredients, known to modern humans through the research
of the 'Gourmet God', Acacia. This balancing role has brought the Kings into conflict with the notorious Blue Nitro,
who regard them warily and seek to steal the ingredients they defend.
In the distant past, the Eight Kings used their power in order to free
humans and members of the Red Nitro slave caste. They also fought
against a beast which had been unleashed to cause chaos within the Human World, the Four Beast.
The Eight Immortals (Chinese: 八仙; pinyin: Bāxiān; Wade–Giles: Pa¹-hsien¹) are a group of legendary xian ("immortals") in Chinese mythology.
Each immortal's power can be transferred to a vessel (法器) that can
bestow life or destroy evil. Together, these eight vessels are called
the "Covert Eight Immortals" (暗八仙). Most of them are said to have been
born in the Tang or Shang Dynasty. They are revered by the Taoists and are also a popular element in secular Chinese culture. They are said to live on a group of five islands in the Bohai Sea, which includes Mount Penglai.
References to the Ogdoad date to the Old Kingdom of Egypt, and even at the time of composition of the Pyramid Texts
towards the end of the Old Kingdom, they appear to have been antiquated
and mostly forgotten by everyone except religious experts. They are
frequently mentioned in the Coffin Texts of the Middle Kingdom. The oldest known pictorial representations of the group do not predate the time of Seti I (New Kingdom, 13th century BC), when the group appears to be rediscovered by the theologians of Hermopolis for the purposes of a more elaborate creation account.
Texts of the Late Period
describe them as having the heads of frogs (male) and serpents
(female), and they are often depicted in this way in reliefs of the Ptolemaic Kingdom.
The Bagua or Pa Kua are eight symbols used in Taoistcosmology
to represent the fundamental principles of reality, seen as a range of
eight interrelated concepts. Each consists of three lines, each line
either "broken" or "unbroken", respectively representing yin or yang. Due to their tripartite structure, they are often referred to as Eight Trigrams in English.
The trigrams are related to Taiji philosophy, Taijiquan and the Wu Xing, or "five elements".[1] The relationships between the trigrams are represented in two arrangements, the Primordial (先天八卦), "Earlier Heaven"[2] or "Fu Xi" bagua (伏羲八卦), and the Manifested (後天八卦), "Later Heaven,"[2] or "King Wen" bagua. The trigrams have correspondences in astronomy, astrology, geography, geomancy, anatomy, the family, and elsewhere.[3][4]
The ancient Chinese classic, I Ching (Pinyin: Yi Jing), consists of the 64 pairwise permutations of trigrams, referred to as "hexagrams", along with commentary on each one.
The Wheel of the Year is an annual cycle of seasonalfestivals, observed by many modern Pagans, consisting of the year's chief solar events (solstices and equinoxes) and the midpoints between them. While names for each festival vary among diverse pagan traditions, syncretic
treatments often refer to the four solar events as "quarter days" and
the four midpoint events as "cross-quarter days", particularly in Wicca. Differing sects of modern Paganism also vary regarding the precise timing of each celebration, based on distinctions such as lunar phase and geographic hemisphere.
Observing the cycle of the seasons has been important to many
people, both ancient and modern. Contemporary Pagan festivals that rely
on the Wheel are based to varying degrees on folk traditions, regardless of actual historical pagan practices.[1] Among Wiccans, each festival is also referred to as a sabbat (/ˈsæbət/), based on Gerald Gardner's claim that the term was passed down from the Middle Ages, when the terminology for JewishShabbat was commingled with that of other heretical celebrations.[2] Contemporary conceptions of the Wheel of the Year calendar were largely influenced by mid-20th century British Paganism.
Suppose, for example, life could be correctly compartmentalized so
that its many activities, often confused and blurred, could suddenly
assume a new clarity? Suppose, for instance, that all the activities in
one’s varied life could not only be understood for what they really are,
but each harmonized with all others?
This is possible in Scientology by describing the eight dynamics.
The basic command “Survive!” which is obeyed by all of life, is
subdivided into eight compartments so that each aspect of life can be
more easily inspected and understood. These compartments are called the
eight dynamics (dynamic meaning urge, drive or impulse).
The First Dynamic is SELF.
This is the effort to survive as an individual, to be an individual.
It includes one’s own body and one’s own mind. It is the effort to
attain the highest level of survival for the longest possible time for
self. This dynamic includes the individual plus his immediate
possessions. It does not include other people. It is the urge to survive
as one’s self. Here we have individuality expressed fully.
The Second Dynamic is CREATIVITY.
Creativity is making things for the future and the Second Dynamic
includes any creativity. The Second Dynamic contains the family unit and
raising children as well as anything that can be categorized as a
family activity. It also, incidentally, includes sex as a mechanism to
compel future survival.
The Third Dynamic is GROUP SURVIVAL.
This is the urge to survive through a group of individuals or as a
group. It is group survival with the group tending to take on a life and
existence of its own. A group can be a community, friends, a company, a
social lodge, a state, a nation, a race or any group. It doesn’t matter
what size this group is, it is seeking to survive as a group.
The Fourth Dynamic is SPECIES.
Man’s Fourth Dynamic is the species of Mankind. This is the urge
toward survival through all Mankind and as all Mankind. Whereas the
American nationality would be considered a Third Dynamic for Americans,
all the nationalities of the world together would be considered the
Fourth Dynamic. All men and women, because they are men and women, seek
to survive as men and women and for men and women.
The Fifth Dynamic is LIFE FORMS.
This is the urge to survive as life forms and with the help of life
forms such as animals, birds, insects, fish and vegetation. This
includes all living things whether animal or vegetable, anything
directly and intimately motivated by life. It is the effort to survive
for any and every form of life. It is the interest in life as such.
The Sixth Dynamic is the PHYSICAL UNIVERSE.
The physical universe has four components. These are matter, energy,
space and time. The Sixth Dynamic is the urge of the physical universe
to survive, by the physical universe itself and with the help of the
physical universe and each one of its component parts.
The Seventh Dynamic is the SPIRITUAL DYNAMIC.
This is the urge to survive as spiritual beings or the urge for life
itself to survive. Anything spiritual, with or without identity, would
come under the heading of the Seventh Dynamic. It includes one’s
beingness, the ability to create, the ability to cause survival or to
survive, the ability to destroy or pretend to be destroyed. A subheading
of this dynamic is ideas and concepts and the desire to survive through
these. The Seventh Dynamic is life source. This is separate from the physical universe and is the source of life itself. Thus, there is an effort for the survival of life source.
The Eighth Dynamic is the urge toward existence as INFINITY.
The Eighth Dynamic also is commonly called God, the Supreme Being or Creator,
but it is correctly defined as infinity. It actually embraces the
allness of all. That is why, according to L. Ron Hubbard, “when the
Seventh Dynamic is reached in its entirety, one will only then discover
the true Eighth Dynamic.”
The concept of an Ogdoad appears in Gnostic systems of the early Christian era, and was further developed by the theologian Valentinus (ca. 160 AD).
The number eight plays an important part in Gnostic systems, and
it is necessary to distinguish the different forms in which it appeared
at different stages in the development of Gnosticism. The earliest
Gnostic systems included a theory of seven heavens and a supercelestial region called the Ogdoad. Astronomical theories had introduced the concept of seven planetary spheres with an eighth above them, the sphere of the fixed stars.
In the system of Valentinus,
the seven heavens, and even the region above them, were regarded as but
the lowest and last stage of the exercise of creative power. Above them
was the Pleroma, where were exhibited the first manifestations of the evolution of subordinate existence from the great First Principle.
All the early Gnostics of whose opinions Irenaeus gives an account, in a section (i. 23 sqq.) probably derived from an earlier writer, agree in the doctrine that the world was made by the instrumentality of archons (angels). The brief account given of the teaching of the first two in the list, Simon
and Menander, does not state whether or not they defined the number of
these archons; but it is expressly told of the third, Saturninus (ch. 24),
that he counted them as seven. At the end of the first book of Irenaeus
is a section to all appearance derived from a source different from
that just referred to. He here (c. 29) relates the opinions of heretics to whom he himself gives no title, but whom his copyist Theodoret (Haer. Fab. i. 14) calls Ophites.
The Ophite teaching may be used to illustrate that of Saturninus, his
connexion with that school being closer than with any other. It would
have been natural to think that the number of seven archons was
suggested to Saturninus by astronomical considerations; and this
supposition is verified by the statement in the later chapter (c. 30) that the holy Hebdomas are the seven stars called planets. In fact, the sphere of the seven stars, Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, the Sun, Venus, Mercury, and the Moon, were supposed to be presided over, each by a different archon.
The ancient astronomy taught that above the seven planetary spheres was an eighth, the sphere of the fixed stars (Clem. Alex.Strom. iv. 25, xxv. p. 636: see also his quotation, v. 11, p. 692, of a mention of the fifth heaven in apocryphal writings ascribed to Zephaniah). In the eighth sphere, these Gnostics taught, dwelt the mother to whom all these archons owed their origin, Sophia or Prunikos according to the version of Irenaeus, Barbelo
according to that of Epiphanius. In the language of these sects the
word hebdomad not only denotes the seven archons, but is also a name of
place, denoting the heavenly regions over which the seven archons
presided; while Ogdoad denotes the supercelestial regions which lay
above their control.
Again, beside the higher hebdomad of the seven archons, the
Ophite system told of a lower hebdomad. After the serpent in punishment
for having taught the first parents
to transgress the commands of Ialdabaoth was cast down into this lower
world, he begat himself six sons, who with himself form a hebdomad, the
counterpart of that of which his father Ialdabaoth is chief. These are
the seven demons,
the scene of whose activity is this lower earth, not the heavens; and
who delight in injuring the human race on whose account their father had
been cast down. Origen (Adv. Cels. 30) gives their names and forms from an Ophite diagram; Michael in form as a lion, Suriel as an ox, Raphael as a dragon, Gabriel as an eagle, Thauthabaoth as a bear, Erataoth as a dog, Onoel or Thartharaoth as an ass.
It does not appear that the Oriental philosophy, or the earliest
Gnostic systems, recognised any place higher than the eighth sphere; and
it is here that according to the account of Epiphanius (Haer.
26, p. 91) dwelt Barbelo the mother of all. But Grecian philosophy came
to teach that above the sensible world there lay a still higher, and
Clem. Alex. (iv. 25) speaks of the eighth sphere as lying nearest to noeto kosmo.
Accordingly, those Gnostic systems which are tinctured by Grecian
philosophy, while leaving untouched the doctrine of seven or eight
material heavens, develop in various ways the theory of the region above
them. In the system of Basilides, as reported by Hippolytus (vii. 20 sqq.),
Ogdoad and Hebdomad are merely names of place. In that system the
universe is divided into the Kosmos and the hypercosmical region. At the
highest point of the Kosmos presides the great archon, ruling over the
Ogdoad, or ethereal region, which is described as reaching down to the
moon. Beneath the Ogdoad is the Hebdomad presided over by its own
archon. In one place (p. 238) the names Ogdoad and Hebdomad seem to be
given to the archons themselves. In any case the names shew marks of
having been derived from a previous system, for the system of Basilides
itself gives no account of the numbers seven or eight; and the number of
heavens is not limited to seven, as many as 365 being counted. In Pistis Sophia,
the doctrine of the higher regions receives such enormous development
that the seven planetary spheres are thought of as contemptibly low; and
Ialdabaoth, once their ruler, in this book sinks to a demon.
late 14c., oblivioun, "state or fact of forgetting, forgetfulness, loss of memory," from Old French oblivion (13c.) and directly from Latin oblivionem (nominative oblivio) "forgetfulness; a being forgotten," from oblivisci (past participle oblitus) "forget," which is of uncertain origin.
Perhaps originally "even out, smooth over, efface," from ob "over" (see ob-) + root of levis "smooth," also "rubbed smooth, ground down," from PIE *lei-w-, from root *(s)lei- "slime, slimy, sticky" (see slime (n.)); compare obliterate.
But de Vaan and others find that "a semantic shift from 'to be smooth'
to 'to forget' is not very convincing." However no better explanation
has emerged.
Meaning "state or condition of being forgotten or lost to memory" is from early 15c. In English history, the Acts of Oblivion use the word in the sense of "intentional overlooking" (1610s), especially of political offenses. Related: Obliviously; obliviousness.
The Aedra are considered to be the exact opposites of the Daedric Princes. 'Ying to the Yang' so to speak.
These beings are considered to be the creators of Mundus and thus don't have separate realms such as the Princes do but rather are a part of that singular plane of Oblivion.
The realm of Mundus is the plane of Oblivion that houses the planet of Nirn, Nirn's two moons (Masser and Secunda) and other unknown planets as well.
Mundus is a realm of Aedric creation and thus it is believed to hold other planets besides Nirn.
Lorkhan, the Creator/Trickster, is the god of the ever burning
flame; the god tasked with bringing the sun. He is a god long forgotten
but many paladins and wandering knights still hold faith of his
existence. Despite this, references to him can be found in almost every
religion on Nirn.
The Planes of Oblivion are inhabited by the demonic race, the Daedra. The Planes are ruled by sixteen Daedric Princes. In The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion the realm of Oblivion that is the staging grounds for the Daedric invasion is ruled over by Mehrunes Dagon his realm is called the Deadlands. The only Daedric Prince without a known realm is Jyggalag the Daedric Prince of Order.
The Nine Divines are made up of eight Aedra and the human war-god hero Talos (Tiber Septim). It is believed that the eight Aedra sacrificed parts of themselves in order to form the planet Nirn.
Tiber Septim (also known as Talos) is a member of the Nine Divines.
Although he isn't the god of anything in particular he's the greatest
hero The Empire has ever known. During his time as Emperor, he conquered
all of Tamriel and brought a peace to the nine provinces
that no one ever thought was possible. He then brought forth the closer
of an era and lead a unified continent to the beginning of the Third
Era.
Nevertheless, the Kings help to preserve the balance of the
complex ecosystems they rule, making them essential to the balance of
life. Further, each serves as ultimate guardian to one of the world's
own Full Course Ingredients, known to modern humans through the research
of the 'Gourmet God', Acacia.
Odin’s self-sacrifice
Sitting on his throne, Hlidskjalf, with Frigg in the hall of
Valhalla, Odin looked out across the whole world. But he wanted to know
everything and gain wisdom and knowledge of things hidden from him. This
was a desire that drove him to sacrifice himself.
He sacrificed his eye in Mimir’s well and he threw himself on his
spear Gungnir in a kind of symbolic, ritual suicide. He then hanged
himself in Yggdrasil, the tree of life, for nine days and nine nights in
order to gain knowledge of other worlds and be able to understand the
runes.
During his sacrificial actions, he saw visions and received secret
wisdom. The magical knowledge he gained made him able to cure the sick,
calm storms, turn weapons against his attackers, make women fall in love
and render dangerous troll women harmless – often just with a look.
Odin was also a shapeshifter, meaning that he could change shape. He
could fall into an ecstatic trance and send out his soul, allowing him
to adopt the form of another person or an animal. While his body lay in a
trance, he could travel as a bird or a four-legged animal, a fish or a
snake, through all the worlds and to far-off places.
Odin is often portrayed as a charming man who enjoys drinking mead
and wine. But he was accused of “unmanly behaviour” when he “beat the
drum and practised prophecy”
1. closed or secured with a long rod or rigid piece of wood, metal, or similar material.
Revelation 14:14–14:20
14Then I looked, and there was a white
cloud, and seated on the cloud was one like the Son of Man, with a
golden crown on his head, and a sharp sickle in his hand!
15Another angel came out of the temple,
calling with a loud voice to the one who sat on the cloud, “Use your
sickle and reap, for the hour to reap has come, because the harvest of
the earth is fully ripe.”
16So the one who sat on the cloud swung his sickle over the earth, and the earth was reaped.
17Then another angel came out of the temple in heaven, and he too had a sharp sickle.
18Then another angel came out from the
altar, the angel who has authority over fire, and he called with a loud
voice to him who had the sharp sickle, “Use your sharp sickle and gather
the clusters of the vine of the earth, for its grapes are ripe.”
19So the angel swung his sickle over the
earth and gathered the vintage of the earth, and he threw it into the
great wine press of the wrath of God.
20And the wine press was trodden outside
the city, and blood flowed from the wine press, as high as a horse’s
bridle, for a distance of about two hundred miles.
Time dilation fields are areas in which time moves faster or
slower than in the surrounding space, depending on the configuration of
the device generating it. The Ancients and Asgard are both races that utilize time dilation devices.
The Amplified Bible And God
said, Let the waters bring forth abundantly and swarm with living
creatures, and let birds fly over the earth in the open expanse of the
heavens.
American Standard Version And
God said, Let the waters swarm with swarms of living creatures, and let
birds fly above the earth in the open firmament of heaven.
Darby's Translation And God said, Let the waters swarm with swarms of living souls, and let fowl fly above the earth in the expanse of the heavens.
Bible in Basic English And God said, Let the waters be full of living things, and let birds be in flight over the earth under the arch of heaven.
The Bishop's Bible (1568) And
God sayde: let the waters bryng foorth mouyng creature that hath lyfe,
and foule that may flee vpon the earth in the open firmament of heauen.
Contemporary English Version God said, "I command the ocean to be full of living creatures, and I command birds to fly above the earth."
The Geneva Bible (1587) Afterward
God said, Let the waters bring foorth in abundance euery creeping thing
that hath life: and let the foule flie vpon the earth in the open
firmament of the heauen.
Easy-to-Read Version Then God said, "Let the water be filled with many living things. And let there be birds to fly in the air over the earth."
English Standard Version And
God said, "Let the waters swarm with swarms of living creatures, and
let birds fly above the earth across the expanse of the heavens."
George Lamsa Translation of the Peshitta And
God said, Let the waters bring forth swarms of living creatures, and
let fowl fly above the earth in the open firmament of the heaven.
Brenton Translaton of the Septuagint (LXX) And
God said, Let the waters bring forth reptiles having life, and winged
creatures flying above the earth in the firmament of heaven, and it was
so.
English Revised Version And
God said, Let the waters bring forth abundantly the moving creature
that hath life, and let fowl fly above the earth in the open firmament
of heaven.
The Complete Jewish Bible God said, "Let the water swarm with swarms of living creatures, and let birds fly above the earth in the open dome of the sky."
New International Version And God said, “Let the water teem with living creatures, and let birds fly above the earth across the vault of the sky.”
"Then I will draw near to you for judgment; and I will be a swift
witness against the sorcerers and against the adulterers and against
those who swear falsely, and against those who oppress the wage earner
in his wages, the widow and the orphan, and those who turn aside the
alien and do not fear Me," says the LORD of hosts.
Romans 8
18 I consider that the sufferings of this present time are not worth comparing with the glory about to be revealed to us.
19 For the creation waits with eager longing for the revealing of the children of God;
20 for the creation was subjected to futility, not of its own will but by the will of the one who subjected it, in hope
21 that
the creation itself will be set free from its bondage to decay and will
obtain the freedom of the glory of the children of God.
22 We know that the whole creation has been groaning in labor pains until now;
23 and
not only the creation, but we ourselves, who have the first fruits of
the Spirit, groan inwardly while we wait for adoption, the redemption of
our bodies.
The Amplified Bible For the
creation (nature) was subjected to frailty (to futility, condemned to
frustration), not because of some intentional fault on its part, but by
the will of Him Who so subjected it--[yet] with the hope
The Complete Jewish Bible for
the creation was made subject to frustration - not willingly, but
because of the one who subjected it. But it was given a reliable hope
American Standard Version For the creation was subjected to vanity, not of its own will, but by reason of him who subjected it, in hope
Bible in Basic English For every living thing was put under the power of change, not by its desire, but by him who made it so, in hope
English Revised Version For the creation was subjected to vanity, not of its own will, but by reason of him who subjected it, in hope
Contemporary English Version Meanwhile, creation is confused, but not because it wants to be confused. God made it this way in the hope
English Standard Version For the creation was subjected to futility, not willingly, but because of him who subjected it, in hope
Easy-to-Read Version Everything
God made was changed to be like it was worth nothing. It did not want
to change, but God decided to change it. But there was this hope:
The Geneva Bible (1587) Because the creature is subiect to vanitie, not of it owne will, but by reason of him, which hath subdued it vnder hope,
The Bishop's Bible (1568) Because the creature is subiect to vanitie, not wyllyng, but for hym which hath subdued the same in hope.
Darby's Translation for the creature has been made subject to vanity, not of its will, but by reason of him who has subjected [the same], in hope
King James Version (1611) For the creature was made subiect to vanitie, not willingly, but by reason of him who hath subiected the same in hope:
The Schumann resonances (SR) are a set of spectrum peaks in the extremely low frequency (ELF) portion of the Earth's electromagnetic field spectrum. Schumann resonances are global electromagnetic resonances, generated and excited by lightning discharges in the cavity formed by the Earth's surface and the ionosphere
This global electromagnetic resonance phenomenon is named after physicist Winfried Otto Schumann
who predicted it mathematically in 1952. Schumann resonances occur
because the space between the surface of the Earth and the conductive
ionosphere acts as a closed waveguide. The limited dimensions of the Earth cause this waveguide to act as a resonant cavity for electromagnetic waves in the ELF
band. The cavity is naturally excited by electric currents in
lightning. Schumann resonances are the principal background in the part
of the electromagnetic spectrum[2] from 3 Hz through 60 Hz,[3] and appear as distinct peaks at extremely low frequencies (ELF) around 7.83 Hz (fundamental),[4] 14.3, 20.8, 27.3 and 33.8 Hz.[5]
In the normal mode descriptions of Schumann resonances, the fundamental mode is a standing wave in the Earth–ionosphere cavity with a wavelength
equal to the circumference of the Earth. This lowest-frequency (and
highest-intensity) mode of the Schumann resonance occurs at a frequency
of approximately 4.11 Hz, but this frequency can vary slightly from a
variety of factors, such as solar-induced perturbations to the
ionosphere, which compresses the upper wall of the closed cavity.[citation needed] The higher resonance modes are spaced at approximately 6.5 Hz intervals,[citation needed]
a characteristic attributed to the atmosphere's spherical geometry. The
peaks exhibit a spectral width of approximately 20% on account of the
damping of the respective modes in the dissipative cavity. The 8th
partial lies at approximately 60 Hz.[citation needed]
Observations of Schumann resonances have been used to track
global lightning activity. Owing to the connection between lightning
activity and the Earth's climate it has been suggested that they may
also be used to monitor global temperature variations and variations of
water vapor in the upper troposphere. It has been speculated that
extraterrestrial lightning (on other planets) may also be detected and
studied by means of their Schumann resonance signatures. Schumann
resonances have been used to study the lower ionosphere on Earth and it
has been suggested as one way to explore the lower ionosphere on
celestial bodies. Effects on Schumann resonances have been reported
following geomagnetic and ionospheric disturbances. More recently,
discrete Schumann resonance excitations have been linked to transient luminous events – sprites, ELVES, jets, and other upper-atmospheric lightning.[citation needed] A new field of interest using Schumann resonances is related to short-term earthquake prediction.[citation needed]
Interest in Schumann resonances was renewed in 1993 when E. R.
Williams showed a correlation between the resonance frequency and
tropical air temperatures, suggesting the resonance could be used to
monitor global warming.[6][7] In geophysical survey, Schumann resonances are used to locate offshore hydrocarbon deposits.
Merkabah, also spelled Merkaba, is the divine light vehicle allegedly
used by ascended masters to connect with and reach those in tune with
the higher realms. "Mer" means Light. "Ka" means Spirit. "Ba" means
Body. Mer-Ka-Ba means the spirit/body surrounded by counter-rotating
fields of light, (wheels within wheels), spirals of energy as in DNA,
which transports spirit/body from one dimension to another.
Taurus (Latin for bull, derived from the Greek word Ταῦρος) is the second astrological sign in the present zodiac.
It spans from 30° to 60° of the zodiac. This sign belongs to the Earth
element or triplicity, and has a feminine or negative polarity, as well
as a Fixed modality, quality, or quadruplicity. It is a Venus-ruled sign
like Libra. The Moon has its exaltation here at exactly 3°
Taurus was the first sign of the zodiac established among the ancient Mesopotamians, who called it "The Great Bull of Heaven" as it was the constellation through which the Sun rose on the vernal equinox at that time. Cults centered around sacred bulls began to form in Assyria, Egypt, and Crete during The Age of Taurus, or "The Age of Earth, Agriculture, and the Bull".
Practical and well-grounded, Taurus is the sign that harvests the
fruits of labor. They feel the need to always be surrounded by love and
beauty, turned to the material world, hedonism, and physical pleasures.
People born with their Sun in Taurus are sensual and tactile,
considering touch and taste the most important of all senses. Stable and
conservative, this is one of the most reliable signs of the zodiac,
ready to endure and stick to their choices until they reach the point of
personal satisfaction.
Taurus is an Earth sign, just like Virgo and Capricorn,
and has the ability to see things from a grounded, practical and
realistic perspective. They find it easy to make money and stay on same
projects for years, or until they are completed. What we often see as
stubbornness can be interpreted as commitment, and their ability to
complete tasks whatever it takes is uncanny. This makes them excellent
employees, great long-term friends and partners, always being there for
people they love. Earthly note makes them overprotective, conservative,
or materialistic at times, with views of the world founded on their love
of money and wealth.
The TorusGitanjali HempTorus –What is it?A torus is a three dimensional (3D) donut-shaped geometric shape, which is constantly movingand in flux.The plural of torus is tori.A widely accepted model for energy fields and dynamics,the torus represents a closed, self-sustaining system. Energy flows freely throughout the torus, in all directions, with an emphasis on an ascending and descending spiraling flow of energy. At the very center of the torus is a singularity, a black hole or zero point. This point is a place of limitless potential and generative reorganization and stabilization.
A torus is a three dimensional (3D) donut-shaped geometric shape, which is constantly movingand in flux.The plural of torus is tori.A widely accepted model for energy fields and dynamics,the torus represents a closed, self-sustaining system. Energy flows freely throughout the torus, in all directions, with an emphasis on an ascending and descending spiraling flow of energy. At the very center of the torus is a singularity, a black hole or zero point. This point is a place of limitless potential and generative reorganization and stabilization. Everything in form is preceded by a template in the energy field. Form is born from energy and energy isin turn emitted from form, in an endless current. At the root of all forms is a torus. The torusisthe underlying structure of every atom, molecule, cell, crystal, plant, animal,human, planet, solar system, and galaxy.Each torus is nested within and integrated into another, more encompassing torus. This is the nature of the universe.When we gather or connect in groups of two or more, wecreate agroup torus. Energy circulates through and around our planet, our solar system, our galaxy, and the universein the same way.
The TorusGitanjali HempHuman Energy FieldThe human energy field forms a torus around the central energy channel. The central channel runs from the perineum to the inner most top crown of the head,just in front of the spine. The circumference of the central channel matchesthe circumference of the circle that is created when the tip of thethumb touches the tip of theindex fingeron the same hand.Within the human being, each chakra, each acupuncture point, every energy center, is, in itself, a toroidalflow. It flows within itself, in both directions. Each atom, each cell, each organ, each organ system has its own toroidalfield and energy flow, and each nests within the other, to create a larger, human torus. The human torus connects to larger tori in the same way that the torus of a human cell or molecule connects to the larger human torus. It is part of the torus of the individual's soul, and of the Earth, and these tori connect to the universal torus. All tori are connected to Source, which is all inclusive and all encompassing.
In Germanic cosmology, Midgard (an anglicised form of Old NorseMiðgarðr; Old EnglishMiddangeard, Old SaxonMiddilgard, Old High GermanMittilagart, and GothicMidjun-gards; "middle yard") is the name for Earth (equivalent in meaning to the Greek term οἰκουμένη, "inhabited") inhabited by and known to humans in early Germanic cosmology. The Old Norse form plays a notable role in Norse cosmology.
Midgard is a realm in Norse mythology.
It is one of the Nine Worlds and the only one that is completely
visible to mankind (the others may intersect with this visible realm but
are mostly invisible). Pictured as placed somewhere in the middle of Yggdrasil, Midgard is between the land of Niflheim—the land of ice—to the north and Muspelheim—the land of fire—to the south. Midgard is surrounded by a world of water, or ocean, that is impassable. The ocean is inhabited by the great sea serpent Jörmungandr
(Miðgarðsormr), who is so huge that he encircles the world entirely,
grasping his own tail. The concept is similar to that of the Ouroboros. Midgard was also connected to Asgard, the home of the gods, by the Bifröst, the rainbow bridge, guarded by Heimdallr.
In Norse mythology, Miðgarðr became applied to the wall around the world that the gods constructed from the eyebrows of the giant Ymir as a defense against the Jotuns who lived in Jotunheim, east of Manheimr, the "home of men", a word used to refer to the entire world. The gods slew the giant Ymir,
the first created being, and put his body into the central void of the
universe, creating the world out of his body: his flesh constituting the
land, his blood
the oceans, his bones the mountains, his teeth the cliffs, his hairs
the trees, and his brains the clouds. Ymir's skull was held by four
dwarfs, Nordri, Sudri, Austri, and Vestri, who represent the four points
on the compass and became the dome of heaven. The sun, moon, and stars
were said to be scattered sparks in the skull.
According to the Eddas, Midgard will be destroyed at Ragnarök,
the battle at the end of the world. Jörmungandr will arise from the
ocean, poisoning the land and sea with his venom and causing the sea to
rear up and lash against the land. The final battle will take place on
the plane of Vígríðr,
following which Midgard and almost all life on it will be destroyed,
with the earth sinking into the sea only to rise again, fertile and
green when the cycle repeats and the creation begins again.
Mittilagart is mentioned in the 9th-century Old High GermanMuspilli (v. 54) meaning "the world" as opposed to the sea and the heavens:
Comments
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surtr
In chapter 4 of the Prose Edda book Gylfaginning, the enthroned figure of Third tells Gangleri (described as King Gylfi in disguise) about the location of Múspell. Third says that the bright and flaming region of Múspell existed prior to Niflheim, and it is impassable to those not native to the region. To defend Múspell, Surtr is stationed at its frontier. Third adds that Surtr has a flaming sword, and that "at the end of the world he will go and wage war and defeat all the gods and burn the whole world with fire". The stanza from Völuspá that foretells Surtr moving from the south is then quoted. In chapter 18, Gangleri asks what will protect the fair hall Gimlé "when Surtr's fire burns heaven and earth".
In chapter 51 of Gylfaginning, High describes the events of Ragnarök. High says that "amid this turmoil the sky will open and from it will ride the sons of Muspell. Surtr will ride in front, and both before and behind him there will be burning fire. His sword will be very fine. Light will shine from it more brightly than from the sun." High continues that when the sons of Múspell ride over the bridge Bifröst it will break, and that they will continue to the field of Vígríðr. The wolf Fenrir and the Midgard Serpent will also arrive there. By then, Loki will have arrived with "all of Hel's people", Hrym, and all of the frost jötnar; "but Muspell's sons will have their own battle array; it will be very bright". Further into the chapter, High describes that a fierce battle will erupt between these forces and the Æsir, and that during this, Surtr and Freyr will engage in battle "and there will be a harsh conflict before Freyr falls". High adds that the cause of Freyr's death will be that Freyr is lacking "the good sword" that he once gave his servant Skírnir.
As foretold by High further into chapter 51 Gylfaginning, Once Heimdallr and Loki fight (and mutually kill one another), Surtr "will fling fire over the earth burn the whole world". High quotes ten stanzas from Völuspá in support, and then proceeds to describe the rebirth and new fertility of the reborn world, and the survivors of Ragnarök, including various gods and the two humans named Líf and Lífthrasir that will have hid from "Surtr's fire" in the wood Hoddmímis holtÆsir is the plural of áss, óss "god" (genitive case āsir), which is attested in other Germanic languages, e.g., Old English ōs (gen. pl. ēsa), Old Dutch ans and Gothic (as reported by Jordanes, who wrote in the 6th century CE) anses "half-gods". These all stem from Proto-Germanic *ansuz, which itself comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énsus (gen. h₂n̥sóus) "life force" (cf. Avestan aŋhū "lord; lifetime", ahura "godhood", Sanskrit ásu "life force",[4] ásura "demons" ( *h₂n̥suró). It is widely accepted that this word is further related to *h₂ens- "to engender" (cf. Hittite hass- "to procreate, give birth", Tocharian B ās- "to produce").[5]
Old Norse áss has the genitive áss or ásar, the accusative æsi and ásu. In genitival compounds, it takes the form ása-, e.g. in Ása-Þórr ("Thor of the Æsir"), besides ás- found in ás-brú "gods' bridge" (the rainbow), ás-garðr, ás-kunnigr "gods' kin", ás-liðar "gods' leader", ás-mogin "gods' might" (especially of Thor), ás-móðr "divine wrath" etc. Landâs "national god" (patrium numen) is a title of Thor, as is allmáttki ás "almighty god", while it is Odin who is "the" ás.
The feminine suffix -ynja is known from a few other nouns denoting female animals, such as apynja "female monkey", vargynja "she-wolf". The word for "goddess" is not attested outside Old Norse.
In Norse mythology, a jötunn or, in the normalised scholarly spelling of Old Norse, jǫtunn (/ˈjɔːtʊn/; plural jötnar/jǫtnar) is a type of entity contrasted with gods and other figures, such as dwarfs and elves. The entities are themselves ambiguously defined, variously referred to by several other terms, including risi, thurs, and troll.
Although the term giant is sometimes used to gloss the word jötunn and its apparent synonyms in some translations and academic texts, jötnar are not necessarily notably large and may be described as exceedingly beautiful or as alarmingly grotesque. Some deities, such as Skaði and Gerðr, are themselves described as jötnar, and various well-attested deities, such as Odin, are descendants of the jötnar.
Norse myth traces the origin of the jötnar to the proto-being Ymir, a result of growth or asexual reproduction from the entity's body. Ymir is later killed, his body dismembered to create the world, and the jötnar survive this event by way of sailing through a flood of Ymir's blood. The jötnar dwell in Jötunheimr. In later Scandinavian folklore, the ambiguity surrounding the entities gives way to negative portrayals.
Old Norse jötunn (also jǫtunn, see Old Norse orthography) and Old English eoten developed from the Proto-Germanic masculine noun *etunaz. Philologist Vladimir Orel says that semantic connections between *etunaz with Proto-Germanic *etanan makes a relation between the two nouns likely. Proto-Germanic *etanan is reconstructed from Old Norse etall 'consuming', Old English etol 'voracious, gluttonous', and Old High German filu-ezzal 'greedy'. Old Norse risi and Old High German riso derive from the Proto-Germanic masculine noun *wrisjon. Orel observes that the Old Saxon adjective wrisi-līke 'enormous' is likely also connected.
Old Norse þurs, Old English ðyrs, and Old High German duris 'devil, evil spirit' derive from the Proto-Germanic masculine noun *þur(i)saz, itself derived form Proto-Germanic *þurēnan, which is etymologically connected to Sanskrit turá- 'strong, powerful, rich'. For discussion regarding Old Norse troll and its development, see troll. Several terms are used specifically to refer to female entities that fall into this category, including íviðja (plural íviðjur) and gýgr (plural gýgjar).
https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=1&v=FaXLVBIg2Y8&feature=emb_logo
Odin is mentioned several times in the sagas that make up Heimskringla. In the Ynglinga saga, the first section of Heimskringla, an euhemerised account of the origin of the gods is provided. Odin is introduced in chapter two, where he is said to have lived in "the land or home of the Æsir" (Old Norse: Ásaland eða Ásaheimr), the capital of which being Ásgarðr. Ásgarðr was ruled by Odin, a great chieftain, and was "a great place for sacrifices". It was the custom there that twelve temple priests were ranked highest; they administered sacrifices and held judgements over men. "Called diar or chiefs", the people were obliged to serve under them and respect them. Odin was a very successful warrior and travelled widely, conquering many lands. Odin was so successful that he never lost a battle. As a result, according to the saga, men came to believe that "it was granted to him" to win all battles. Before Odin sent his men to war or to perform tasks for him, he would place his hands upon their heads and give them a bjannak ('blessing', ultimately from Latin benedictio) and the men would believe that they would also prevail. The men placed all of their faith in Odin, and wherever they called his name they would receive assistance from doing so. Odin was often gone for great spans of time.
Chapter 3 says that Odin had two brothers, Vé and Vili. While Odin was gone, his brothers governed his realm. Once, Odin was gone for so long that the Æsir believed that Odin would not return. His brothers began to divvy up Odin's inheritance, "but his wife Frigg they shared between them. However, afterwards, [Odin] returned and took possession of his wife again". Chapter 4 describes the Æsir–Vanir War. According to the chapter, Odin "made war on the Vanir". The Vanir defended their land and the battle turned to a stalemate, both sides having devastated one another's lands. As part of a peace agreement, the two sides exchanged hostages. One of the exchanges went awry and resulted in the Vanir decapitating one of the hostages sent to them by the Æsir, Mímir. The Vanir sent Mímir's head to the Æsir, whereupon Odin "took it and embalmed it with herbs so that it would not rot, and spoke charms [Old Norse galdr] over it", which imbued the head with the ability to answer Odin and "tell him many occult things".In Norse mythology, Valhalla (/vælˈhælə, vɑːlˈhɑːlə/; from Old Norse Valhöll "hall of the slain") is a majestic, enormous hall located in Asgard, ruled over by the god Odin. Chosen by Odin, half of those who die in combat travel to Valhalla upon death, led by valkyries, while the other half go to the goddess Freyja's field Fólkvangr. In Valhalla, the dead warriors join the masses of those who have died in combat (known as the Einherjar) and various legendary Germanic heroes and kings, as they prepare to aid Odin during the events of Ragnarök. Before the hall stands the golden tree Glasir, and the hall's ceiling is thatched with golden shields. Various creatures live around Valhalla, such as the stag Eikþyrnir and the goat Heiðrún, both described as standing atop Valhalla and consuming the foliage of the tree Læraðr.
Valhalla is attested in the Poetic Edda, compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources, in the Prose Edda (written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson), in Heimskringla (also written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson) and in stanzas of an anonymous 10th century poem commemorating the death of Eric Bloodaxe known as Eiríksmál as compiled in Fagrskinna. Valhalla has inspired various works of art, publication titles, and elements of popular culture, and has become a term synonymous with a martial (or otherwise) hall of the chosen dead.
The Modern English noun Valhalla derives from Old Norse Valhöll, a compound noun composed of two elements: the masculine noun valr 'the slain' and the feminine noun höll 'hall'. Valr has cognates in other Germanic languages such as Old English wæl 'the slain, slaughter, carnage', Old Saxon wal-dād 'murder', Old High German 'battlefield, blood bath'. All of these forms descend from the Proto-Germanic masculine noun *walaz. Among related Old Norse concepts, valr also appears as the first element of the nouns valkyrja 'chooser of the slain, valkyrie' and Valfreyja, one of the goddess Freyja's several names.[3]
Aliases: Godan, Woden, Wuotan
Location: Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Iceland, England
Cities: Skiringsal, Lejre, Gamla Uppsala
Estimated Date: 500s A.D. - 1200s A.D.
His name is based on the central characteristic of Dionysus worship
The name Odin is related to the word Odr, meaning “frenzied” or “divine madness”, with connotations of both inspiration, song and insanity, bringing to mind the primary qualities of Dionysus. The word Odin, from which the name Wednesday comes from, is derived from the Proto-Indo-European word, *waet, meaning to “fan” flames (of inspiration), the same root as the Latin word vaetes, meaning “seer” or “singer”, and the Celtic faith(not related to the English word faith), meaning “inspire” or “poet”.His lover is associated with Venus
His consort is believed to originally have been Frijjo, from who is typically identified with both the love goddesses Freyja and Frigg, the latter of whom was connected to Venus by the first century A.D., giving her name to Friday, which had been known as the “day of Venus” throughout many cultures. Plants named after Freyja were eventually renamed after the Virgin Mary.He is hung on the Tree of Life as a sacrifice to himself, stuck with a spear and refused drink, just like Jesus
Odin’s Rune Song, dated between the 800s and 1200s, tells of how Odin hung himself on the great World Tree, Yggdrasil (“Odin’s Horse”), as a sacrifice to himself, pierced by a spear or lance just as in John 19:34, and is refused drink similar to how Jesus refuses drink in Mark 15:23.Jesus is portrayed like him being hung on the Tree of Life
A Christian runestone from Jelling, Denmark, in 965 A.D. mimics Odin's crucifixion on Yggdrasil by showing Jesus in a crucifixion posture with branches wrapped around him. The inscription says: “King Haraldr ordered this monument made in memory of Gormr, his father, and in memory of Thyrvé, his mother; that Haraldr who won for himself all of Denmark and Norway and made the Danes Christian.”Runestone from 965 A.D. of Jesus hung on Yggdrasil like Odin
https://toriko.fandom.com/wiki/Eight_Kings
The Eight Kings are eight beasts, each from a different 'King' species of animal, individually regarded as the most powerful beings in the world. They serve as the absolute rulers of the eight major continents of Gourmet World, and have since ancient times. The Eight Kings have tremendous power and even the world's strongest individuals cannot act carelessly when in their presence.
Usually a single species of overwhelmingly powerful beast at the top of the food chain (sometimes called a 'King' species) provides the individual Kings of each continent, such as the Herac of Area 8 or the Ballboons of Area 7. Their local power thus secured, the Eight Kings and their proxies battle each other in a constant, warlord-like rivalry across Gourmet World.
Nevertheless, the Kings help to preserve the balance of the complex ecosystems they rule, making them essential to the balance of life. Further, each serves as ultimate guardian to one of the world's own Full Course Ingredients, known to modern humans through the research of the 'Gourmet God', Acacia. This balancing role has brought the Kings into conflict with the notorious Blue Nitro, who regard them warily and seek to steal the ingredients they defend. In the distant past, the Eight Kings used their power in order to free humans and members of the Red Nitro slave caste. They also fought against a beast which had been unleashed to cause chaos within the Human World, the Four Beast.
The Eight Immortals (Chinese: 八仙; pinyin: Bāxiān; Wade–Giles: Pa¹-hsien¹) are a group of legendary xian ("immortals") in Chinese mythology. Each immortal's power can be transferred to a vessel (法器) that can bestow life or destroy evil. Together, these eight vessels are called the "Covert Eight Immortals" (暗八仙). Most of them are said to have been born in the Tang or Shang Dynasty. They are revered by the Taoists and are also a popular element in secular Chinese culture. They are said to live on a group of five islands in the Bohai Sea, which includes Mount Penglai.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogdoad_(Egyptian)
In Egyptian mythology, the Ogdoad (Ancient Greek: ὀγδοάς "the Eightfold"; Ancient Egyptian: ḫmnyw, a plural nisba of ḫmnw "eight") were eight primordial deities worshipped in Hermopolis.
References to the Ogdoad date to the Old Kingdom of Egypt, and even at the time of composition of the Pyramid Texts towards the end of the Old Kingdom, they appear to have been antiquated and mostly forgotten by everyone except religious experts. They are frequently mentioned in the Coffin Texts of the Middle Kingdom. The oldest known pictorial representations of the group do not predate the time of Seti I (New Kingdom, 13th century BC), when the group appears to be rediscovered by the theologians of Hermopolis for the purposes of a more elaborate creation account.
The Bagua or Pa Kua are eight symbols used in Taoist cosmology to represent the fundamental principles of reality, seen as a range of eight interrelated concepts. Each consists of three lines, each line either "broken" or "unbroken", respectively representing yin or yang. Due to their tripartite structure, they are often referred to as Eight Trigrams in English.
The trigrams are related to Taiji philosophy, Taijiquan and the Wu Xing, or "five elements".[1] The relationships between the trigrams are represented in two arrangements, the Primordial (先天八卦), "Earlier Heaven"[2] or "Fu Xi" bagua (伏羲八卦), and the Manifested (後天八卦), "Later Heaven,"[2] or "King Wen" bagua. The trigrams have correspondences in astronomy, astrology, geography, geomancy, anatomy, the family, and elsewhere.[3][4]
The ancient Chinese classic, I Ching (Pinyin: Yi Jing), consists of the 64 pairwise permutations of trigrams, referred to as "hexagrams", along with commentary on each one.
The Wheel of the Year is an annual cycle of seasonal festivals, observed by many modern Pagans, consisting of the year's chief solar events (solstices and equinoxes) and the midpoints between them. While names for each festival vary among diverse pagan traditions, syncretic treatments often refer to the four solar events as "quarter days" and the four midpoint events as "cross-quarter days", particularly in Wicca. Differing sects of modern Paganism also vary regarding the precise timing of each celebration, based on distinctions such as lunar phase and geographic hemisphere.
Observing the cycle of the seasons has been important to many people, both ancient and modern. Contemporary Pagan festivals that rely on the Wheel are based to varying degrees on folk traditions, regardless of actual historical pagan practices.[1] Among Wiccans, each festival is also referred to as a sabbat (/ˈsæbət/), based on Gerald Gardner's claim that the term was passed down from the Middle Ages, when the terminology for Jewish Shabbat was commingled with that of other heretical celebrations.[2] Contemporary conceptions of the Wheel of the Year calendar were largely influenced by mid-20th century British Paganism.
Suppose, for example, life could be correctly compartmentalized so that its many activities, often confused and blurred, could suddenly assume a new clarity? Suppose, for instance, that all the activities in one’s varied life could not only be understood for what they really are, but each harmonized with all others?
This is possible in Scientology by describing the eight dynamics.
The basic command “Survive!” which is obeyed by all of life, is subdivided into eight compartments so that each aspect of life can be more easily inspected and understood. These compartments are called the eight dynamics (dynamic meaning urge, drive or impulse).
The First Dynamic is SELF.
This is the effort to survive as an individual, to be an individual. It includes one’s own body and one’s own mind. It is the effort to attain the highest level of survival for the longest possible time for self. This dynamic includes the individual plus his immediate possessions. It does not include other people. It is the urge to survive as one’s self. Here we have individuality expressed fully.
The Second Dynamic is CREATIVITY.
Creativity is making things for the future and the Second Dynamic includes any creativity. The Second Dynamic contains the family unit and raising children as well as anything that can be categorized as a family activity. It also, incidentally, includes sex as a mechanism to compel future survival.
The Third Dynamic is GROUP SURVIVAL.
This is the urge to survive through a group of individuals or as a group. It is group survival with the group tending to take on a life and existence of its own. A group can be a community, friends, a company, a social lodge, a state, a nation, a race or any group. It doesn’t matter what size this group is, it is seeking to survive as a group.
The Fourth Dynamic is SPECIES.
Man’s Fourth Dynamic is the species of Mankind. This is the urge toward survival through all Mankind and as all Mankind. Whereas the American nationality would be considered a Third Dynamic for Americans, all the nationalities of the world together would be considered the Fourth Dynamic. All men and women, because they are men and women, seek to survive as men and women and for men and women.
The Fifth Dynamic is LIFE FORMS.
This is the urge to survive as life forms and with the help of life forms such as animals, birds, insects, fish and vegetation. This includes all living things whether animal or vegetable, anything directly and intimately motivated by life. It is the effort to survive for any and every form of life. It is the interest in life as such.
The Sixth Dynamic is the PHYSICAL UNIVERSE.
The physical universe has four components. These are matter, energy, space and time. The Sixth Dynamic is the urge of the physical universe to survive, by the physical universe itself and with the help of the physical universe and each one of its component parts.
The Seventh Dynamic is the SPIRITUAL DYNAMIC.
This is the urge to survive as spiritual beings or the urge for life itself to survive. Anything spiritual, with or without identity, would come under the heading of the Seventh Dynamic. It includes one’s beingness, the ability to create, the ability to cause survival or to survive, the ability to destroy or pretend to be destroyed. A subheading of this dynamic is ideas and concepts and the desire to survive through these. The Seventh Dynamic is life source. This is separate from the physical universe and is the source of life itself. Thus, there is an effort for the survival of life source.
The Eighth Dynamic is the urge toward existence as INFINITY.
The Eighth Dynamic also is commonly called God, the Supreme Being or Creator, but it is correctly defined as infinity. It actually embraces the allness of all. That is why, according to L. Ron Hubbard, “when the Seventh Dynamic is reached in its entirety, one will only then discover the true Eighth Dynamic.”
The concept of an Ogdoad appears in Gnostic systems of the early Christian era, and was further developed by the theologian Valentinus (ca. 160 AD).
The number eight plays an important part in Gnostic systems, and it is necessary to distinguish the different forms in which it appeared at different stages in the development of Gnosticism. The earliest Gnostic systems included a theory of seven heavens and a supercelestial region called the Ogdoad. Astronomical theories had introduced the concept of seven planetary spheres with an eighth above them, the sphere of the fixed stars.
In the system of Valentinus, the seven heavens, and even the region above them, were regarded as but the lowest and last stage of the exercise of creative power. Above them was the Pleroma, where were exhibited the first manifestations of the evolution of subordinate existence from the great First Principle.
The ancient astronomy taught that above the seven planetary spheres was an eighth, the sphere of the fixed stars (Clem. Alex. Strom. iv. 25, xxv. p. 636: see also his quotation, v. 11, p. 692, of a mention of the fifth heaven in apocryphal writings ascribed to Zephaniah). In the eighth sphere, these Gnostics taught, dwelt the mother to whom all these archons owed their origin, Sophia or Prunikos according to the version of Irenaeus, Barbelo according to that of Epiphanius. In the language of these sects the word hebdomad not only denotes the seven archons, but is also a name of place, denoting the heavenly regions over which the seven archons presided; while Ogdoad denotes the supercelestial regions which lay above their control.
Again, beside the higher hebdomad of the seven archons, the Ophite system told of a lower hebdomad. After the serpent in punishment for having taught the first parents to transgress the commands of Ialdabaoth was cast down into this lower world, he begat himself six sons, who with himself form a hebdomad, the counterpart of that of which his father Ialdabaoth is chief. These are the seven demons, the scene of whose activity is this lower earth, not the heavens; and who delight in injuring the human race on whose account their father had been cast down. Origen (Adv. Cels. 30) gives their names and forms from an Ophite diagram; Michael in form as a lion, Suriel as an ox, Raphael as a dragon, Gabriel as an eagle, Thauthabaoth as a bear, Erataoth as a dog, Onoel or Thartharaoth as an ass.
It does not appear that the Oriental philosophy, or the earliest Gnostic systems, recognised any place higher than the eighth sphere; and it is here that according to the account of Epiphanius (Haer. 26, p. 91) dwelt Barbelo the mother of all. But Grecian philosophy came to teach that above the sensible world there lay a still higher, and Clem. Alex. (iv. 25) speaks of the eighth sphere as lying nearest to noeto kosmo. Accordingly, those Gnostic systems which are tinctured by Grecian philosophy, while leaving untouched the doctrine of seven or eight material heavens, develop in various ways the theory of the region above them. In the system of Basilides, as reported by Hippolytus (vii. 20 sqq.), Ogdoad and Hebdomad are merely names of place. In that system the universe is divided into the Kosmos and the hypercosmical region. At the highest point of the Kosmos presides the great archon, ruling over the Ogdoad, or ethereal region, which is described as reaching down to the moon. Beneath the Ogdoad is the Hebdomad presided over by its own archon. In one place (p. 238) the names Ogdoad and Hebdomad seem to be given to the archons themselves. In any case the names shew marks of having been derived from a previous system, for the system of Basilides itself gives no account of the numbers seven or eight; and the number of heavens is not limited to seven, as many as 365 being counted. In Pistis Sophia, the doctrine of the higher regions receives such enormous development that the seven planetary spheres are thought of as contemptibly low; and Ialdabaoth, once their ruler, in this book sinks to a demon.
oblivion (n.)
late 14c., oblivioun, "state or fact of forgetting, forgetfulness, loss of memory," from Old French oblivion (13c.) and directly from Latin oblivionem (nominative oblivio) "forgetfulness; a being forgotten," from oblivisci (past participle oblitus) "forget," which is of uncertain origin.
Perhaps originally "even out, smooth over, efface," from ob "over" (see ob-) + root of levis "smooth," also "rubbed smooth, ground down," from PIE *lei-w-, from root *(s)lei- "slime, slimy, sticky" (see slime (n.)); compare obliterate. But de Vaan and others find that "a semantic shift from 'to be smooth' to 'to forget' is not very convincing." However no better explanation has emerged.
Meaning "state or condition of being forgotten or lost to memory" is from early 15c. In English history, the Acts of Oblivion use the word in the sense of "intentional overlooking" (1610s), especially of political offenses. Related: Obliviously; obliviousness.
The Aedra are considered to be the exact opposites of the Daedric Princes. 'Ying to the Yang' so to speak.
These beings are considered to be the creators of Mundus and thus don't have separate realms such as the Princes do but rather are a part of that singular plane of Oblivion.
The realm of Mundus is the plane of Oblivion that houses the planet of Nirn, Nirn's two moons (Masser and Secunda) and other unknown planets as well.
Mundus is a realm of Aedric creation and thus it is believed to hold other planets besides Nirn.
Odin’s self-sacrifice
Sitting on his throne, Hlidskjalf, with Frigg in the hall of Valhalla, Odin looked out across the whole world. But he wanted to know everything and gain wisdom and knowledge of things hidden from him. This was a desire that drove him to sacrifice himself.
He sacrificed his eye in Mimir’s well and he threw himself on his spear Gungnir in a kind of symbolic, ritual suicide. He then hanged himself in Yggdrasil, the tree of life, for nine days and nine nights in order to gain knowledge of other worlds and be able to understand the runes.
During his sacrificial actions, he saw visions and received secret wisdom. The magical knowledge he gained made him able to cure the sick, calm storms, turn weapons against his attackers, make women fall in love and render dangerous troll women harmless – often just with a look.
Odin was also a shapeshifter, meaning that he could change shape. He could fall into an ecstatic trance and send out his soul, allowing him to adopt the form of another person or an animal. While his body lay in a trance, he could travel as a bird or a four-legged animal, a fish or a snake, through all the worlds and to far-off places.
Odin is often portrayed as a charming man who enjoys drinking mead and wine. But he was accused of “unmanly behaviour” when he “beat the drum and practised prophecy”Revelation 14:14–14:20
14Then I looked, and there was a white cloud, and seated on the cloud was one like the Son of Man, with a golden crown on his head, and a sharp sickle in his hand! 15Another angel came out of the temple, calling with a loud voice to the one who sat on the cloud, “Use your sickle and reap, for the hour to reap has come, because the harvest of the earth is fully ripe.” 16So the one who sat on the cloud swung his sickle over the earth, and the earth was reaped. 17Then another angel came out of the temple in heaven, and he too had a sharp sickle. 18Then another angel came out from the altar, the angel who has authority over fire, and he called with a loud voice to him who had the sharp sickle, “Use your sharp sickle and gather the clusters of the vine of the earth, for its grapes are ripe.” 19So the angel swung his sickle over the earth and gathered the vintage of the earth, and he threw it into the great wine press of the wrath of God. 20And the wine press was trodden outside the city, and blood flowed from the wine press, as high as a horse’s bridle, for a distance of about two hundred miles.
The Amplified Bible
And God said, Let the waters bring forth abundantly and swarm with living creatures, and let birds fly over the earth in the open expanse of the heavens.
American Standard Version
And God said, Let the waters swarm with swarms of living creatures, and let birds fly above the earth in the open firmament of heaven.
Darby's Translation
And God said, Let the waters swarm with swarms of living souls, and let fowl fly above the earth in the expanse of the heavens.
Bible in Basic English
And God said, Let the waters be full of living things, and let birds be in flight over the earth under the arch of heaven.
The Bishop's Bible (1568)
And God sayde: let the waters bryng foorth mouyng creature that hath lyfe, and foule that may flee vpon the earth in the open firmament of heauen.
Contemporary English Version
God said, "I command the ocean to be full of living creatures, and I command birds to fly above the earth."
The Geneva Bible (1587)
Afterward God said, Let the waters bring foorth in abundance euery creeping thing that hath life: and let the foule flie vpon the earth in the open firmament of the heauen.
Easy-to-Read Version
Then God said, "Let the water be filled with many living things. And let there be birds to fly in the air over the earth."
English Standard Version
And God said, "Let the waters swarm with swarms of living creatures, and let birds fly above the earth across the expanse of the heavens."
George Lamsa Translation of the Peshitta
And God said, Let the waters bring forth swarms of living creatures, and let fowl fly above the earth in the open firmament of the heaven.
Brenton Translaton of the Septuagint (LXX)
And God said, Let the waters bring forth reptiles having life, and winged creatures flying above the earth in the firmament of heaven, and it was so.
English Revised Version
And God said, Let the waters bring forth abundantly the moving creature that hath life, and let fowl fly above the earth in the open firmament of heaven.
The Complete Jewish Bible
God said, "Let the water swarm with swarms of living creatures, and let birds fly above the earth in the open dome of the sky."
New International Version
And God said, “Let the water teem with living creatures, and let birds fly above the earth across the vault of the sky.”
"Then I will draw near to you for judgment; and I will be a swift witness against the sorcerers and against the adulterers and against those who swear falsely, and against those who oppress the wage earner in his wages, the widow and the orphan, and those who turn aside the alien and do not fear Me," says the LORD of hosts.
Romans 8
The Amplified Bible
For the creation (nature) was subjected to frailty (to futility, condemned to frustration), not because of some intentional fault on its part, but by the will of Him Who so subjected it--[yet] with the hope
The Complete Jewish Bible
for the creation was made subject to frustration - not willingly, but because of the one who subjected it. But it was given a reliable hope
American Standard Version
For the creation was subjected to vanity, not of its own will, but by reason of him who subjected it, in hope
Bible in Basic English
For every living thing was put under the power of change, not by its desire, but by him who made it so, in hope
English Revised Version
For the creation was subjected to vanity, not of its own will, but by reason of him who subjected it, in hope
Contemporary English Version
Meanwhile, creation is confused, but not because it wants to be confused. God made it this way in the hope
English Standard Version
For the creation was subjected to futility, not willingly, but because of him who subjected it, in hope
Easy-to-Read Version
Everything God made was changed to be like it was worth nothing. It did not want to change, but God decided to change it. But there was this hope:
The Geneva Bible (1587)
Because the creature is subiect to vanitie, not of it owne will, but by reason of him, which hath subdued it vnder hope,
The Bishop's Bible (1568)
Because the creature is subiect to vanitie, not wyllyng, but for hym which hath subdued the same in hope.
Darby's Translation
for the creature has been made subject to vanity, not of its will, but by reason of him who has subjected [the same], in hope
King James Version (1611)
For the creature was made subiect to vanitie, not willingly, but by reason of him who hath subiected the same in hope:
This global electromagnetic resonance phenomenon is named after physicist Winfried Otto Schumann who predicted it mathematically in 1952. Schumann resonances occur because the space between the surface of the Earth and the conductive ionosphere acts as a closed waveguide. The limited dimensions of the Earth cause this waveguide to act as a resonant cavity for electromagnetic waves in the ELF band. The cavity is naturally excited by electric currents in lightning. Schumann resonances are the principal background in the part of the electromagnetic spectrum[2] from 3 Hz through 60 Hz,[3] and appear as distinct peaks at extremely low frequencies (ELF) around 7.83 Hz (fundamental),[4] 14.3, 20.8, 27.3 and 33.8 Hz.[5]
In the normal mode descriptions of Schumann resonances, the fundamental mode is a standing wave in the Earth–ionosphere cavity with a wavelength equal to the circumference of the Earth. This lowest-frequency (and highest-intensity) mode of the Schumann resonance occurs at a frequency of approximately 4.11 Hz, but this frequency can vary slightly from a variety of factors, such as solar-induced perturbations to the ionosphere, which compresses the upper wall of the closed cavity.[citation needed] The higher resonance modes are spaced at approximately 6.5 Hz intervals,[citation needed] a characteristic attributed to the atmosphere's spherical geometry. The peaks exhibit a spectral width of approximately 20% on account of the damping of the respective modes in the dissipative cavity. The 8th partial lies at approximately 60 Hz.[citation needed]
Observations of Schumann resonances have been used to track global lightning activity. Owing to the connection between lightning activity and the Earth's climate it has been suggested that they may also be used to monitor global temperature variations and variations of water vapor in the upper troposphere. It has been speculated that extraterrestrial lightning (on other planets) may also be detected and studied by means of their Schumann resonance signatures. Schumann resonances have been used to study the lower ionosphere on Earth and it has been suggested as one way to explore the lower ionosphere on celestial bodies. Effects on Schumann resonances have been reported following geomagnetic and ionospheric disturbances. More recently, discrete Schumann resonance excitations have been linked to transient luminous events – sprites, ELVES, jets, and other upper-atmospheric lightning.[citation needed] A new field of interest using Schumann resonances is related to short-term earthquake prediction.[citation needed] Interest in Schumann resonances was renewed in 1993 when E. R. Williams showed a correlation between the resonance frequency and tropical air temperatures, suggesting the resonance could be used to monitor global warming.[6][7] In geophysical survey, Schumann resonances are used to locate offshore hydrocarbon deposits.The ancient Egyptians believed that a soul (kꜣ/bꜣ; Egypt. pron. ka/ba) was made up of many parts. In addition to these components of the soul, there was the human body (called the ḥꜥ, occasionally a plural ḥꜥw, meaning approximately "sum of bodily parts").
Practical and well-grounded, Taurus is the sign that harvests the fruits of labor. They feel the need to always be surrounded by love and beauty, turned to the material world, hedonism, and physical pleasures. People born with their Sun in Taurus are sensual and tactile, considering touch and taste the most important of all senses. Stable and conservative, this is one of the most reliable signs of the zodiac, ready to endure and stick to their choices until they reach the point of personal satisfaction.
Taurus is an Earth sign, just like Virgo and Capricorn, and has the ability to see things from a grounded, practical and realistic perspective. They find it easy to make money and stay on same projects for years, or until they are completed. What we often see as stubbornness can be interpreted as commitment, and their ability to complete tasks whatever it takes is uncanny. This makes them excellent employees, great long-term friends and partners, always being there for people they love. Earthly note makes them overprotective, conservative, or materialistic at times, with views of the world founded on their love of money and wealth.
This name occurs in Old Norse literature as Miðgarðr. In Old Saxon Heliand it appears as Middilgard and in Old High German poem Muspilli it appears as Mittilagart. The Gothic form Midjungards is attested in the Gospel of Luke as a translation of the Greek word οἰκουμένη. The word is present in Old English epic and poetry as Middangeard; later transformed to Middellærd or Mittelerde ("Middle-earth") in Middle English literature.
All these forms are from a Common Germanic *midja-gardaz (*meddila-, *medjan-), a compound of *midja- "middle" and *gardaz "yard, enclosure". In early Germanic cosmology, the term stands alongside world (Old English weorold, Old Saxon werold, Old High German weralt, Old Frisian warld and Old Norse verǫld), from a Common Germanic compound *wira-alđiz, the "age of menMidgard is a realm in Norse mythology. It is one of the Nine Worlds and the only one that is completely visible to mankind (the others may intersect with this visible realm but are mostly invisible). Pictured as placed somewhere in the middle of Yggdrasil, Midgard is between the land of Niflheim—the land of ice—to the north and Muspelheim—the land of fire—to the south. Midgard is surrounded by a world of water, or ocean, that is impassable. The ocean is inhabited by the great sea serpent Jörmungandr (Miðgarðsormr), who is so huge that he encircles the world entirely, grasping his own tail. The concept is similar to that of the Ouroboros. Midgard was also connected to Asgard, the home of the gods, by the Bifröst, the rainbow bridge, guarded by Heimdallr.
In Norse mythology, Miðgarðr became applied to the wall around the world that the gods constructed from the eyebrows of the giant Ymir as a defense against the Jotuns who lived in Jotunheim, east of Manheimr, the "home of men", a word used to refer to the entire world. The gods slew the giant Ymir, the first created being, and put his body into the central void of the universe, creating the world out of his body: his flesh constituting the land, his blood the oceans, his bones the mountains, his teeth the cliffs, his hairs the trees, and his brains the clouds. Ymir's skull was held by four dwarfs, Nordri, Sudri, Austri, and Vestri, who represent the four points on the compass and became the dome of heaven. The sun, moon, and stars were said to be scattered sparks in the skull.
According to the Eddas, Midgard will be destroyed at Ragnarök, the battle at the end of the world. Jörmungandr will arise from the ocean, poisoning the land and sea with his venom and causing the sea to rear up and lash against the land. The final battle will take place on the plane of Vígríðr, following which Midgard and almost all life on it will be destroyed, with the earth sinking into the sea only to rise again, fertile and green when the cycle repeats and the creation begins again.
Mittilagart is mentioned in the 9th-century Old High German Muspilli (v. 54) meaning "the world" as opposed to the sea and the heavens: